After months of worrying about AI bubbles, interest rates, Big Tech, elections, inflation, geopolitics, recession risk, and more, investors saw their fears come to life yesterday as global stock markets plunged. Japan’s benchmark index shrunk 12% in its worst loss since 1987. The Dow was down 2.6%, losing more than 1,000 points, while the Nasdaq dropped 3.5%. The “Magnificent Seven“—Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, Meta, Microsoft, Nvidia, and Tesla—together lost more than $650 billion in market cap.  

This is not the kind of drama one seeks during these dog days of summer—or winter, south of the equator. What’s fueling this fear? How deep does it go? And how long will it last? 

Did the Bank of Japan, once home to negative interest rates, pull what V. Keshadev at Fortune India called a “Pearl Harbor on Wall Street” by raising rates to 0.25% last week? That boosted the yen and forced an unwinding of the so-called “yen carry trade” arbitrage in which investors borrowed cheap yen at near-zero rates to buy higher-yielding assets elsewhere. (A moment of silence for those who must find new gaps to exploit.) 

Did the downturn start with us, here in the U.S.? Investors are worried about AI hype, volatility, a weak July jobs report, recession risk, and whether the Fed is doing enough. Some are drawing comparisons to the Black Monday crash of 1987, in which stocks regained more than half their lost value in two days but took almost two years to fully recover. (Asian markets certainly came roaring back on Tuesday.) 

Maybe we did buy into the hype around some stocks—“we” being a rhetorical term as I invest in funds. While the AI revolution is coming, after all, it’s not quite here. Out of curiosity, I asked some chatbots last night why the stock market was crashing. Claude apologized and said its “knowledge cutoff is April 2024.” ChatGPT told me to check “recent financial news.” Meta.ai tried to comfort me, saying the S&P 500 had “its worst July in 10 years, but the index has gained after every period of losses in the past.” (Perhaps that’s why Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg is rocking chain necklaces and leather jackets these days.)

Google’s Gemini, meanwhile, chastised me for my choice of language, noting that “what we’ve been experiencing is a significant correction. While it’s been a tumultuous period, it’s important to distinguish between a correction and a crash… A correction is a temporary decline in the market of 10% to 20%. A crash is a much more severe and rapid drop.”

Wait. So Google’s AI bot says it’s temporary? As the dominant player in sifting through the world’s data, I guess Google ought to know. Then again, regulators seem to feel it knows too much. On Monday, a federal judge ruled that Google is a monopolist that controls too much of the search market. That’s the first major antitrust case against a tech company in more than two decades where the government has won. Much like the stock market, the drama is far from over.  

More news below. 

Diane Brady
diane.brady@fortune.com
Follow on LinkedIn

TOP NEWS

India's HDFC Bank joins the Fortune Global 500

HDFC Bank joins Fortune’s list of the world’s largest companies by revenue in No. 306, with $49.3 billion in revenue. Founded in 1994 amid India’s liberalization, the bank developed a reputation for good governance and sober analysis, avoiding lending fads that dragged down its rivals. But now, HDFC Bank is trying to digest the balance sheet of its parent company–housing lender HDFC–which it acquired last year for $40 billion in India’s largest-ever merger. Fortune

X leaves San Francisco

X, the social media company formerly known as Twitter, is preparing to leave San Francisco. While X owner Elon Musk has pledged to move operations to Texas, CEO Linda Yaccarino, in an email to staff, said that employees will move to offices in Palo Alto and San Jose. Twitter took over the office in San Francisco in 2012, making it the company’s global headquarters. Fortune

AI chip startup challenges Nvidia

Groq, a Silicon Valley-based chip startup, raised $640 million in a funding round led by BlackRock, valuing the firm at $2.8 billion. Groq is developing chips that help AI models provide text output from large language models more quickly.  “I don’t know if Nvidia will notice how much of the pie we eat, but we will feel quite full off of it,” said Groq CEO Jonathan Ross. Fortune

AROUND THE WATERCOOLER

HR experts at PwC, Hilton, and Moderna reveal 6 ways you can land a job in a cooling labor market by Emma Burleigh

I drove Tesla’s apocalyptic Cybertruck through L.A. to figure out why it exists by Jaclyn Trop

The share of women running Global 500 companies falls to just 5.6% by Emma Hinchliffe and Nina Ajemian

Donald Trump got a Tesla Cybertruck from a controversial influencer—right after the former president said EVs will ‘destroy the country’ by Eva Roytburg

Half of boomers and Gen X are poised to run out of money in retirement—but millennials are in a better spot, says report by Alicia Adamczyk

Companies will need to close three gaps—value, confidence, and expertise—if they want to make AI useful by Lionel Lim

This edition of CEO Daily was curated by Nicholas Gordon.