In a note on Tuesday, analysts reaffirmed their year-end price target of 7,100 for the broad market index, representing a 5% drop from the week’s closing level.

“Our bear market signposts suggest speculation is hitting extreme levels as high multiple stocks have gapped up demonstrably, an event that has historically preceded a valuation ‘snapback,'” BofA said.

The bank added that S&P 500 companies are generating less free cash flow relative to net income compared to historical trends. That’s as so-called hyperscalers have seen their free cash flow plunge due to massive spending on the AI boom, eroding their earnings.

At the same time, the Federal Reserve is fighting sticky inflation after more than five years of letting it run above its 2% target. BofA recently predicted the Fed has now run out of patience and will hike rates three times this year to finally rein in inflation.

To be sure, the S&P 500 generally saw positive returns during previous tightening cycles, as stocks peaked six to 12 months after the first rate hike.

But Fed rate hikes now would hit differently, BofA explained, because the S&P 500 is more expensive ahead of a first rate hike than any other cycle, except for the one that ran from 1999 to 2000.

Chip stocks in particular have been on astronomical runs lately as the unrelenting AI boom sends demand soaring. Micron Technology, for example, is up 242% so far in 2026 and up 700% from a year ago, even after a recent selloff.

That’s fueled worries that the good times may be coming to an end soon. After hitting an all-time high of 7,621 just a month ago, the S&P 500 has gone on wild swings, losing about 2% in the process.

Elsewhere, stocks have been on even worse stomach-churning rollercoasters. South Korea’s high-flying Kospi stock index, which is dominated by AI darlings SK Hynix, and Samsung, set a new record a few weeks ago only to suffer its fifth worst daily plunge ever days later.

Such moves are especially worrisome for Capital Economics, which pointed out that similar selloffs have previously only happened during bear markets like during the Asian financial crisis, the dot-com bubble, and the Great Financial Crisis.

“This volatility is, in our view, evidence of excessive froth and calls into the question the sustainability of this rally,” analysts said.

Even a mostly bullish outlook from JPMorgan last month came with a “flash crash” warning. Still, analysts raised their year-end S&P 500 target to 7,800 from 7,600, citing strong earnings estimates.

The forecast assumes the Fed holds rate steady this year, then raises next year, while the market’s top gainers will remain highly concentrated in AI stocks.

“That said, the path higher is likely to be non-linear given a tougher bar into 2Q earnings, crowded Momentum positioning (especially Low- Quality and Speculative Growth segments) that continues to face high probability of a flash-crash, rapidly increasing equity supply, and potentially tighter monetary policy that could constrain equity multiples,” JPMorgan wrote.

Others on Wall Street are more bullish. Yardeni Research President Ed Yardeni, who has been beating the drum about another Roaring Twenties since the decade began, hiked his year-end target for the S&P 500 to 8,250 from 7,700 in May.

He cited strong corporate earnings and expectations that they will remain robust. Yardeni backed his view over the weekend and dismissed comparisons between today’s AI boom and the dot-com bubble.

“The late 1990s meltup was led by the forward P/E of the S&P 500 Information Technology sector,” he wrote on Saturday. “It was driven by FOMO (fear of missing out). The current bull market is driven by FEMO (fabulous earnings momentum).”